{"id":186,"date":"2025-03-08T12:18:56","date_gmt":"2025-03-08T12:18:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/git.tigerlink.ru\/?page_id=186"},"modified":"2025-03-08T12:18:56","modified_gmt":"2025-03-08T12:18:56","slug":"incoterms","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/tlogisticlink.com\/ru\/useful-information\/incoterms\/","title":{"rendered":"Incoterms"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Incoterms 2010, the latest version of international rules for interpreting standard forms common in foreign trade contracts, entered into force worldwide on January 1, 2011. The 11 clauses in international trade are a guide and define the main responsibilities of buyers and sellers in international sales contracts. The Incoterms are acknowledged in courts worldwide.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The probably most common Incoterms are EXW (EX Works named place), FOB (Free On Board named port of shipment), CIF (Cost, Insurance, Freight named port of destination) and CPT (Carriage Paid To named place of destination).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

By referring to Incoterms 2010, the obligations of the seller and buyer will be clearly defined so the risk of legal complications can be minimized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Incoterms 2010 equates electronic communication with hardcopy communication. Furthermore, Incoterms regulate the obligations of the seller and the buyer in obtaining security-relevant clearances of the merchandise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Incoterms 2010 includes two new clauses, DAT (Delivered At Terminal at the port or place of destination) and DAP (Delivered At Place of destination). The terms DAF, DES, DEQ and DDU were deleted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

If Incoterms 2010 applies to a transaction you are dealing with, the ICC recommends that the contract partners should expressively should stress so.. Below please find examples of the correct practice of Incoterms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

FCA place and address (e.g. 123, Holiday Street, 34 567 Raleigh, North Carolina, USA) Incoterms 2010 FOB port (e.g. Antwerp \/ Belgium) Incoterms 2010<\/p>\n\n\n\n

DAP place, address and business name (e.g. Singapore, Cecil Street. 5, Marks Ltd.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Incoterms 2010 are differentiated into 2 groups:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

RULES FOR ANY MODE OR MODES OF TRANSPORT<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

EXW Ex Works<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cEx Works\u201d means that the seller delivers when it places the goods at the disposal of the buyer at the seller\u2019s premises or at another named place (i.e.,works, factory, warehouse, etc.). The seller does not need to load the goods on any collecting vehicle, nor does it need to clear the goods for export, where such clearance is applicable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

FCA Free Carrier<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cFree Carrier\u201d means that the seller delivers the goods to the carrier or another person nominated by the buyer at the seller\u2019s premises or another named place. The parties are well advised to specify as clearly as possible the point within the named place of delivery, as the risk passes to the buyer at that point.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CPT Carriage Paid To<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cCarriage Paid To\u201d means that the seller delivers the goods to the carrier or another person nominated by the seller at an agreed place (if any such place is agreed between parties) and that the seller must contract for and pay the costs of carriage necessary to bring the goods to the named place of destination.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIP Carriage And Insurance Paid To<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cCarriage and Insurance Paid to\u201d means that the seller delivers the goods to the carrier or another person nominated by the seller at an agreed place (if any such place is agreed between parties) and that the seller must contract for and pay the costs of carriage necessary to bring the goods to the named place of destination.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2018The seller also contracts for insurance cover against the buyer\u2019s risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage. The buyer should note that under CIP the seller is required to obtain insurance only on minimum cover. Should the buyer wish to have more insurance protection, it will need either to agree as much expressly with the seller or to make its own extra insurance arrangements.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

DAT Delivered At Terminal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cDelivered at Terminal\u201d means that the seller delivers when the goods, once unloaded from the arriving means of transport, are placed at the disposal of the buyer at a named terminal at the named port or place of destination. \u201cTerminal\u201d includes a place, whether covered or not, such as a quay, warehouse, container yard or road, rail or air cargo terminal. The seller bears all risks involved in bringing the goods to and unloading them at the terminal at the named port or place of destination.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

DAP Delivered At Place<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cDelivered at Place\u201d means that the seller delivers when the goods are placed at the disposal of the buyer on the arriving means of transport ready for unloading at the named place of destination. The seller bears all risks involved in bringing the goods to the named place.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

DDP Delivered Duty Paid<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cDelivered Duty Paid\u201d means that the seller delivers the goods when the goods are placed at the disposal of the buyer, cleared for import on the arriving means of transport ready for unloading at the named place of destination. The seller bears all the costs and risks involved in bringing the goods to the place of destination and has an obligation to clear the goods not only for export but also for import, to pay any duty for both export and import and to carry out all customs formalities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

RULES FOR SEA AND INLAND WATERWAY TRANSPORT<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

FAS Free Alongside Ship<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cFree Alongside Ship\u201d means that the seller delivers when the goods are placed alongside the vessel (e.g., on a quay or a barge) nominated by the buyer at the named port of shipment. The risk of loss of or damage to the goods passes when the goods are alongside the ship, and the buyer bears all costs from that moment onwards.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

FOB Free On Board<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cFree On Board\u201d means that the seller delivers the goods on board the vessel nominated by the buyer at the named port of shipment or procures the goods already so delivered. The risk of loss of or damage to the goods passes when the goods are on board the vessel, and the buyer bears all costs from that moment onwards.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CFR Cost and Freight<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cCost and Freight\u201d means that the seller delivers the goods on board the vessel or procures the goods already so delivered. The risk of loss of or damage to the goods passes when the goods are on board the vessel. the seller must contract for and pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIF Cost, Insurance and Freight<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cCost, Insurance and Freight\u201d means that the seller delivers the goods on board the vessel or procures the goods already so delivered. The risk of loss of or damage to the goods passes when the goods are on board the vessel. The seller must contract for and pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

«The seller also contracts for insurance cover against the buyer\u2019s risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage. The buyer should note that under CIF the seller is required to obtain insurance only on minimum cover. Should the buyer wish to have more insurance protection, it will need either to agree as much expressly with the seller or to make its own extra insurance arrangements.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

You can download a full version of INCOTERMS 2010 by this link.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Incoterms 2010, the latest version of international rules for interpreting standard forms common in foreign trade contracts, entered into force worldwide on January 1, 2011. The 11 clauses in international trade are a guide and define the main responsibilities of buyers and sellers in international sales contracts. The Incoterms are acknowledged in courts worldwide. The […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":462,"parent":164,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-186","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tlogisticlink.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/186","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tlogisticlink.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tlogisticlink.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tlogisticlink.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tlogisticlink.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=186"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tlogisticlink.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/186\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tlogisticlink.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/164"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tlogisticlink.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/462"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tlogisticlink.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=186"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}